Key Distribution
Once generated, keys must be distributed to intended users or systems securely. This stage involves securely transmitting keys, ensuring they are not intercepted or compromised. The distribution process also encompasses the secure storage of keys, preventing unauthorised access and ensuring their availability for authorised users.
Cryptographic key distribution processes ensure secure transmission of keys between authorised parties, applications, and services for specific purposes, such as data encryption and decryption functions, while maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of keys.
Best Practices
- Secure transmission channels: Always use secure, encrypted channels for key distribution. Protocols like TLS (Transport Layer Security) and mTLS (mutual TLS) can secure the transmission of keys over networks.
- Employ Public Key Infrastructure (PKI):  PKI involves using a pair of keys (public and private keys) where the public key can be openly distributed, and the private key remains securely with the owner.
- Use trusted delivery methods:Â When distributing keys that cannot be securely transmitted over networks (e.g., root keys), use trusted and secure delivery channels. Depending on your requirements, this can include several tools, like a secure email exchange or an encrypted file exchange tool, in other cases SFTP servers can be set up too.
- Implement robust authentication mechanisms:Â Before distributing a key, verify the identity of the receiving party using strong authentication mechanisms (or signature verification). This ensures that cryptographic keys are only delivered to authorised entities.
- Provide secure key storage solutions:Â Educate and equip the recipients of cryptographic keys with the tools and knowledge to securely store the keys upon receipt. This could involve encrypted databases, key managers, or hardware security modules for secure key storage.